Summary:Cage Aquacultures Environmental Effects :: essays research papers fc

Cage aquaculture in the ocean ouputs large amounts of gas into the surrounding environment. The effluent from the cages has elevated levels of nutrients, waste feed, feces and by-products such as medications for the fish. The effluent has a negative impress on the local environment. The degree of impact depends on the water movement or so the cages, the assimilation capacity of the environment around the cages and the rate at which the effluent is produced. The effects of effluent on the environment is considered inconsequential to the inputs from industry and agriculture however. That be said, the ocean floor around the cages tend to be hypereutrophic and completely anoxic up to the surface. They release sulfides and other toxins into the water as a result of decrease in the anoxic conditions of the excess organics in the sediment. The long term effects of these conditions are not known. There are no standards by which to compare internationally the effects of the cages and it is hard to determine the effects, if any, on areas away from the immediate area surrounding the cages. There needs to be work done on how to land feed waste, and how to quantify the effects of the cages on the surrounding environment. To complete this project, more information is needed on operations other than cage salmon in Norway. BibliographyRecord 1ASFA Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries AbstractsOrganic enrichment of sediments from salmon farming in Norwayenvironmental factors, management practices, and monitoringtechniquesCarroll, ML* Cochrane, S Fieler, R Velvin, R White, PAquaculture Aquaculture. Vol. 226, no. 1-4, pp. 165-180. 31 Oct2003.Record 2ASFA Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries AbstractsThe environmental impacts of marine fish cage farms in the easternAdriatic.Katavic, IRibarstvo Ribarstvo. Vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 175-194. 2003.Record 3ASFA Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries AbstractsThe degradation of fish-cage waste in sediments during fallowingMcGhie, TK* Crawford, CM Mitchell , IM OBrien, DAquaculture Aquaculture. Vol. 187, no. 3-4, pp. 351-366. 20 Jul2000.Record 4ASFA Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries AbstractsThe environmental impact of an offshore aquaculture placement in the Gulfof Gaeta a first approach.Ceccarelli, R Saluzzi, A Fiore, V Salerno, A Barbera, GBiologia marina mediterranea. Genova Biol. Mar. Mediterr.. Vol. 6,no. 1, pp. 294-297. 1999.Record 5ASFA Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries AbstractsOn the impact of a sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) cage farm onwater quality and macrobenthic communities

Nanotechnology :: Science Scientific Nanotechnology Papers

NanotechnologyBefore I can really address this topic properly I have to answer What is Nanotechnology and why the hype? Currently the circumstance nano has been thrown around a lot in recent years. Mostly this is the desire of look forers to grab the research m whizzy that is out there and using thrum excogitates do help turn heads. Nanotechnology is a grab bag of different fields of science. It takes from condensed-matter physics, engineering, molecular biology and large swaths of chemistry. Even the government was convert by the hype to create The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) is a multi-agency program intended to provide a big funding boost to nanoscience and engineering. But what constitutes nanotechnology research? Even scientists have a hard time with that question. It depends on whom you ask, Stanford biophysicist Steven M. Block told at a symposium on nanotechnology. Some folks apparently reserve the word to mean whatever it is they do as opposed to whatever it is anyone else does. But what most scientists seem to agree on is what is considered Nanotechnology. Which is the future manufacture of molecular size materials, devices and possible machines. On the other hand many leading scientist that are pushing for the development of nanotechnology see it as molecular manufacturing or, more simply, building things one atom or molecule at a time with programmed nanoscopic robotarms.The reason we have this great interest in using nanostructures stems comes from the idea that superior electrical, chemical, machinelike or optical properties may be achieved at these smaller scales. Also biological and medicine research in the nanotechnology area is on its way. One company, Quantum conveyance Corporation, has already has been doing research in semiconductor quantum dots as labels in biological experiments, drug-discovery research, and diagnostic tests, among other applications. Nano is receiving enthusiastic scrutiny from some big companies i n the banal & Poors 500-stock index. Led by IBM, Lucent Technologies, and Hewlett-Packard, along with Samsung and Siemens , big industrial companies are pumping significant sums into nanotech research, as are governments around the world. Buckyballs--those soccer-ball-shaped carbon molecules discovered in 1985 by a team led by Rice Universitys Richard E. Smalley--are roughly 1 nm in diameter. Carbon nanotubes are about 1.4 nm thick. The in style(p) entrants slightly fatter nanotube-like wires made from silicon, gallium nitride, and other semiconducting materials. These nanotubes are showing some of the most potential for use in both research and applications ranging from computers to revolutionary high strength cables.

The Confined Voices of Female Slaves Essay -- Essays Papers

The Confined Voices of Female SlavesSlave narratives provide a first-hand experience on striver lives and reveal the truth about knuckle downry. Through the writing of narratives, strivers hoped to expose the cruel and inhumane aspects of slavery and their struggles, sorrows, and triumphs. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, slave narratives were all-important(prenominal) means of opening a dialogue between blacks and whites about slavery and freedom. Some slave narratives were crafted to enlighten white readers about the realities of slavery as an institution and the humanity of black people. Today, slave narratives are one of the few reliable sources for the study of slave lives.Many female slave narratives indicated that gender was an important factor in determining the fate of a slave even though slave owners often did not differentiate between genders in the depute of tasks. Thus, women often ended up working along side men. Most male slaves performed chore s such as trapping and hunting animals or working in the fields. Their jobs mainly consisted of some type of physical labor which required strength and endurance. However, a womans place in society, throughout the travesty of slavery, was somewhat different. Women often performed interior(prenominal) duties, attempted to keep the slave family healthy and unified, and tended to their masters demands and whims. Above all jobs, women slaves also represented an authority figure within their families and communities. In times of melancholy they were relied upon for direction and comfort through agony, and in times of ecstasy they came together with the slave community to share in the happiness.Slave families had a tendency to be unstable, delinquent to the nature of the institution of slav... ... mentality that the community raises the child also precedes the Civil War. Each of these demonstrate how slavery greatly influenced the generations to follow. The role played by slave women i s one that is present in the lives of many modern day families-- the foods eaten by families today as catfish, ox tail, pigs feet, and chitlins were once the leftover animal split the slave owners no longer had a use for and gave to the slaves for nourishment. Without choice, those ingenious women created an eating tradition that once was used out of necessity for sustenance. Little did they realize that proximo generations would utilize that creative knowledge and treasure it as their heritage and part of the history of their people.Bibliographical Sources1. http//weber.u.washington.edu/sunstar/ws200/dimitrio.htm2. http//ftp.oit.unc.edu/docsouth/neh/specialneh.html

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n the ladder Tragedy of Macbeth, William Shakespe atomic number 18 presents many examples of foreshadowing which pulls the reader in and displays an interesting and unique way of falsehood telling. Right from the beginning in (Act 1, Scene 1) troika witches pop who are the main sources of foreshadowing and start the entire story by agreeing with one other to bear on up again when the meshings lost and won. Further along in the play the actual prophecies given by the three witches occur when they meet Macbeth and Banquo then greet Macbeth with three titles Thane of Glamis Thane of Cawdor and King hereafter. Following after, the witches dont meet Macbeth again until (Act 4) and during this meeting Macbeth learns three more prophecies that foreshadow his life to come. The three prophecies are an armed head, a bloody child, and a child crowned with a tree in his hand. The importance of the opening scenes and further along in the play start to bring truth of the prophecies in Act 4 . In the beginning (Act 1, scene 1) of Macbeth the appearance of three witches shed light to what might happen. Everything starts to unravel when the three witches hold up to meet up again with each other when the battles lost and won. Also a short time after that they yell proscribed together fair is foul, and foul is fair this foreshadows that some sort of evil will be coming and that there will also be a victory of sorts to either the witches or the main character in the story, but the au splitnce doesnt know specifically what is to happen. These also suggest a great battle will be fought against good and evil. However these events that are soon to follow will unfold at a rapid pace. This foreshadowing can be detected by the audience because they can feel the suspense... ...liam Shakespeare Macbeth, the three witches are used as prophets that convey Macbeths future fate directly to him. Macbeth detects these prophecies not as absolute truths but as predictions that might come true depending on if he thinks they are good or not. For instance at the beginning when the witches declare that they will meet again with each other When the battles lost and won. Also when the three witches meet Macbeth and Banquo, they greet Macbeth as three titles. Finally, when The three witches appear to him again they provide three more prophecies that ring actual truth to what is going to happen. The use of these characters in foreshadowing adds to the tragedy of the tragedy. Macbeth was foreshadowed or prophesied to commit these acts and die and he knew some and still failed to see them. This adds to the brilliance of Shakespeares tragedy, Macbeth.

Human Life And Fire :: essays research papers

Human Life and FireThe world is full of powerful forces. There are forces that effect the faultless society and there are forces that only effect a select part of it. Oneof the most powerful forces of nature is awaken. Fire is constantly save intodays society. Whether it be by staying warm or the destruction of privatememories and property, fire is an ongoing influence in society. Due to thisfact, it is possible to compare fire and life in general.Fire begins with an idea of a spark. Then the spark is made and with thehelp of kindling, the flame begins to grow. Once a flame begins to grow it give the gatetake many paths because of the influences of external forces. If a wind blows,the flames change their direction and velocity and can engulf many other things.On the other hand, if there is no wind, the fire may provoke itself to the groundand never reach its full potential. If rain begins, the fire is slowed and mayeven be stopped for good. oxygen is necessary for a fire to fl ourish withoutit a fire will whittle and die. several(prenominal) objects allow fire to burn for years whileothers burn out very quickly or are not able to be burned at all. No two firesare alike, in what they do. Some roam free while others are confined to an area.A fire is beautiful to some, while to others it is dangerous and hellish.These phrases can be used to illustrate life, as well. Life begins as atype of spark. Some believe that life begins at conception, thus showing thatlife does begin with a very small, and significant "spark." Others believe thatlife begins at birth. This could be related to the beginning "spark" of lifethrough the way a baby enters the world, in substantial form. Humans begin togrow through their experiences and how they are raised. Each person lives theirown life because of the impact these external factors have on them. As measurechange, people and attitudes change. This is a fact of life. Due to certainoutside influences, a pers on may make the best of themselves or just diminish inthe general mass of society. Humans survive and flourish because of theirenvironment. It is general scientific knowledge that humans survive because ofthe oxygen in the air. Without good oxygen content, reality could not survive.If a certain part of the country has better air quality, then usually thegeneral public has less health problems, i.

Reproductive and Therapeutic Cloning Essays -- Science Technology Gene

Reproductive and Therapeutic CloningCloning is defined as the creation of an exact copy of a living matter, such as a cell or organism according to Encarta encyclopedia. The copies produced through copy have identical genetic makeup and argon known as clones. Scientists theatrical role cloning techniques in the laboratory to create copies of cells or organisms with valuable traits.Cloning is a controversial topic because new areas of science often raise questions close to safety. Early experiment performed on animals showed potential dangers. For example, cloned cows developed faulty immune systems. In some studies, cloned animals seemed to grow old faster and die young than normal members of the species. According to Encarta online Encyclopedia, In 2002 the National Academy of Sciences released a report calling for a legal ban on human cloning. The report conclude that the high rate of health problems in cloned animals indicates that such an effort in humans would be highl y dangerous for the mother and developing embryo and is apparent to fail (encarta.msn.com). Reproductive and therapeutic cloning has possible side effects or danger that could affect the human race. Reproductive cloning is a engineering used to generate an animal that has the same nuclear DNA as another currently or previously existing animal and therapeutic cloning involves transplanting the nucleus of an adult body cell into an unfertilized egg. An electric shock stimulates the egg to begin dividing.This reproductive cloning technology can be used to help people who cannot give birth to children or those who are not married. Though Reproductive cloning would be sound to us, there are a number of reasons why this system should be banned... ...er, etc. it would be use to replace and restore tissues, organs, and their lost functionality (Williams 591-594). As William said using this technology to treat an aging brain could be difficult because of the hostile environment creat ed by the neurodegenerative disease (Williams 591-594). Reproductive and Therapeutic cloning is not as beneficial as it is made out to be by researchers. Developing humans are killed in the long pursuit of this technology. Money also is a capacious issue. By using the money that could be used to help developing countries to play or be God is immoral. We have everything we can use to bring back humans to the best of our ability, what more do we needed? Sometimes, certain things are not to be tampered with because of issues and dangers behind it. Therefore Reproductive and Therapeutic cloning should not be used and should be banned.

Reproductive and Therapeutic Cloning Essays -- Science Technology Gene

Reproductive and Therapeutic CloningCloning is defined as the creation of an exact copy of a living matter, such as a cell or organism according to Encarta encyclopedia. The copies produced through clone have identical genetic makeup and ar known as clones. Scientists phthisis cloning techniques in the laboratory to create copies of cells or organisms with valuable traits.Cloning is a controversial topic because new areas of science often raise questions rough safety. Early experiment performed on animals showed potential dangers. For example, cloned cows developed faulty immune systems. In some studies, cloned animals seemed to grow old faster and die younger than normal members of the species. According to Encarta online Encyclopedia, In 2002 the National Academy of Sciences released a report calling for a legal ban on human cloning. The report cogitate that the high rate of health problems in cloned animals indicates that such an effort in humans would be highly dangerou s for the mother and developing embryo and is apparent to fail (encarta.msn.com). Reproductive and therapeutic cloning has possible side effects or danger that could affect the human race. Reproductive cloning is a engineering used to generate an animal that has the same nuclear DNA as a nonher currently or previously existing animal and therapeutic cloning involves transplanting the nucleus of an adult body cell into an unfertilized egg. An electric shock stimulates the egg to begin dividing.This reproductive cloning technology can be used to help people who cannot give birth to children or those who are not married. Though Reproductive cloning would be honorable to us, there are a number of reasons why this system should be banned... ...er, etc. it would be use to replace and restore tissues, organs, and their lost functionality (Williams 591-594). As William said using this technology to treat an aging brain could be difficult because of the hostile environment created by the neurodegenerative disease (Williams 591-594). Reproductive and Therapeutic cloning is not as beneficial as it is made out to be by researchers. Developing humans are killed in the long pursuit of this technology. Money also is a spectacular issue. By using the money that could be used to help developing countries to play or be God is immoral. We have everything we can use to enliven humans to the best of our ability, what more do we needed? Sometimes, certain things are not to be tampered with because of issues and dangers behind it. Therefore Reproductive and Therapeutic cloning should not be used and should be banned.